{"id":11437,"date":"2023-09-13T11:44:17","date_gmt":"2023-09-13T08:44:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/?page_id=11437"},"modified":"2024-08-16T16:59:53","modified_gmt":"2024-08-16T13:59:53","slug":"marmara-bolgesini-haritalamak-2022","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/marmara-bolgesini-haritalamak-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Marmara B\u00f6lgesini Haritalamak: Bir \u00d6n Biyopsi 2022"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Marmara B\u00f6lgesini Haritalamak: Bir \u00d6n Biyopsi 2022<\/h3>\n

At\u00f6lye |<\/strong>29 A\u011fustos – 18 Eyl\u00fcl<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]Kuruldu\u011fu 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana \u0130stanbul ve \u00f6tesinde kentsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en yenilik\u00e7i ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rma enstit\u00fclerinden biri olarak kendini \u015fekillendiren AURA \u0130stanbul, Marmara Urban Forum (MARUF23) kapsam\u0131nda Marmara Denizi k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7eperinde kentsel ve k\u0131rsal konularda bir at\u00f6lye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in davet edildi.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131k evriminin \u00f6nemli tarihsel d\u00f6nemlerine ev sahipli\u011fi yapan Marmara B\u00f6lgesi, do\u011fal kaynaklar ve ekolojik sistemler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a zengindir, ek olarak T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisinin %60’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretmektedir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, son y\u0131llarda k\u00f6pr\u00fc ve otoyol \u015feritleri gibi altyap\u0131lara yap\u0131lan \u00f6nemli yat\u0131r\u0131mlar, b\u00f6lgedeki belediyeler aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekte, mevcut deniz yollar\u0131na ek olarak b\u00f6lgedeki bu kesintisiz yol sistemi, b\u00f6lgedeki makro-b\u00f6lgesel al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fleri de iyile\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgedeki bu sermaye ve yat\u0131r\u0131m birikimi ulusal d\u00fczeyde T\u00fcrkiye’nin di\u011fer co\u011frafyalar\u0131n\u0131 kalk\u0131nma kaynaklar\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131ran \u00f6nemli bir zenginlik asimetrisi yaratarak, b\u00f6lgesel d\u00fczeyde ise do\u011fal peyzajlar ve su kaynaklar\u0131 gibi olanaklar\u0131 bask\u0131 alt\u0131na alarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gerilim yarat\u0131yor. Son zamanlarda Marmara Denizi’nde yay\u0131lan m\u00fcsilaj, uzmanlar taraf\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgedeki insani, tar\u0131msal ve end\u00fcstriyel faaliyetlerin bir sonucu olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]Makro-b\u00f6lgesel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte Marmara b\u00f6lgesini incelemek b\u00f6lgenin yap\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bize baz\u0131 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 veriyor. Ekonomik bir merkez olarak \u0130stanbul, Kocaeli’den Bursa’ya uzanan yo\u011fun sanayi b\u00f6lgesi, \u00c7anakkale Yar\u0131madas\u0131’n\u0131n kuzeyindeki madencilik ve enerji \u00fcretimi ve Gelibolu’dan Trakya Yar\u0131madas\u0131’na kadar uzanan tar\u0131mla kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k sanayi merkezleri bu kentsel b\u00f6lgenin d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel ve s\u00fcrekli faaliyetlerini tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AURA \u0130stanbul’un Marmara B\u00f6lgesi’nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ikinci ara\u015ft\u0131rma at\u00f6lyesi i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara Eda Y\u00fccesoy, Tansel Korkmaz ve Sinan Logie e\u015flik etti. 10 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131dan olu\u015fan ekip, deniz havzas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen ekolojik koridorlar boyunca insan faaliyetleri ve do\u011fal kaynaklar aras\u0131ndaki stres noktalar\u0131n\u0131 belgelemek i\u00e7in saha ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 yapt\u0131. Bu biyopsi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, mega kent \u0130stanbul daha \u00f6nce bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya konu oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ele al\u0131nmad\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n amac\u0131, iklim krizi ve kapitalist \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7leri sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan (kapitalosen) sorunlar\u0131n bu kritik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, k\u0131rsal ve kentsel kalk\u0131nman\u0131n yeni potansiyel stratejilerini tan\u0131mlamak oldu.<\/p>\n

St\u00fcdyo, son y\u0131llarda bu konularda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir\u00e7ok akademisyenin seminer katk\u0131lar\u0131yla da zenginle\u015fti.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_gallery interval=”5″ images=”11441,11440,11443,11442,11444,11445,11446,11447,11448,11449,11450,11451,11452,11453,11454,11455,11456,11457,11458,11459,11460,11461,11462,11463,11464″ img_size=”large”][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_separator color=”black”][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

AT\u00d6LYE Y\u00dcR\u00dcT\u00dcC\u00dcLER\u0130<\/h4>\n

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Eda Y\u00fccesoy<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eehir Planc\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n

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Sinan Logie<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar<\/p>\n

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Tansel Korkmaz<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar<\/p>\n

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AURA \u0130STANBUL ARA\u015eTIRMACILARI<\/h4>\n

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Ali Emre Soner<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eehir Planc\u0131s\u0131, \u0130T\u00dc (MBB)<\/p>\n

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\u00c7a\u011fatay \u00c7omakl\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar, Atat\u00fcrk \u00dcniversitesi<\/p>\n

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Furkan Berke \u00c7ilesizo\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar, MSGS\u00dc<\/p>\n

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\u0130pek Ar\u0131soy<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eehir Planc\u0131s\u0131, \u0130T\u00dc (MBB)<\/p>\n

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Melih G\u00fcrcan Kutsal<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar, Ya\u015far \u00dcni.<\/p>\n

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Muhammed Eker<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar, Erciyes \u00dcni.<\/p>\n

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Naz \u00dcst\u00fcnda\u011f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar, MEF \u00dcni.<\/p>\n

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Vahit T\u00fcr\u00fct<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar, Karab\u00fck \u00dcni.<\/p>\n

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Zehra Bet\u00fcl Ye\u015filkaya<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar, Uluda\u011f \u00dcni.<\/p>\n

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Zeynep Sena Sancak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar, Uluda\u011f \u00dcni.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/4″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/4″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_separator color=”black”][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=”11476″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center”][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n evriminin \u00f6nemli tarihsel katmanlar\u0131na ev sahipli\u011fi yapan bu geni\u015f b\u00f6lge, do\u011fal kaynaklar ve ekolojik sistemler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da olduk\u00e7a zengindir. \u00d6te yandan Marmara B\u00f6lgesi, T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisinin zenginli\u011finin %60\u2019\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretiyor. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, son y\u0131llarda k\u00f6pr\u00fcler ve otoyol \u015feritleri gibi \u00f6nemli yat\u0131r\u0131mlar, b\u00f6lgedeki belediyeler aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekte, mevcut deniz yollar\u0131na ek olarak, b\u00f6lge etraf\u0131ndaki bu kesintisiz yol sistemi, mevcut deniz yollar\u0131na ek olarak b\u00f6lgenin makro-b\u00f6lgesel alandaki al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerini de iyile\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ndeki s\u00fcrekli sermaye ve yat\u0131r\u0131m birikimi, ulusal d\u00fczeyde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin di\u011fer co\u011frafyalar\u0131n\u0131 kalk\u0131nma kaynaklar\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131ran \u00f6nemli bir zenginlik asimetrisi yaratarak, b\u00f6lgesel d\u00fczeyde ise do\u011fal peyzajlar, su kaynaklar\u0131 gibi olanaklar\u0131 bask\u0131 alt\u0131na alarak b\u00f6lgede gerilime neden oluyor.M\u00fcsilaj\u0131n Marmara Denizi\u2019nde son zamanlarda yay\u0131lmas\u0131, uzmanlar taraf\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgedeki insani, tar\u0131msal ve end\u00fcstriyel faaliyetlerin etkisinin i\u015faretleri olarak i\u015faret edildi.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]Makro-b\u00f6lgesel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte Marmara b\u00f6lgesini okumak, yap\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bize baz\u0131 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 verir. Ekonomik bir merkez olarak \u0130stanbul, Kocaeli\u2019den Bursa\u2019ya uzanan \u00e7ok yo\u011fun bir sanayi b\u00f6lgesi, \u00c7anakkale Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyindeki madencilik ve enerji \u00fcretimi ve Gelibolu\u2019dan Trakya Yar\u0131madas\u0131na kadar sanayi merkezleriyle kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k tar\u0131m, bu d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel ve s\u00fcrekli kentsel b\u00f6lgenin faaliyetlerini tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AURA \u0130stanbul\u2019un Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015ftay\u0131 i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara Eda Y\u00fccesoy, Tansel Korkmaz ve Sinan Logie e\u015flik etmi\u015ftir. 10 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131dan olu\u015fan ekip, deniz havzas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen ekolojik koridorlar boyunca insan faaliyetleri ve do\u011fal kaynaklar aras\u0131ndaki stres noktalar\u0131n\u0131 belgelemek i\u00e7in saha ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Saha ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 \u0130zmit -Sapanca, Yalova ve Band\u0131rma olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 odak b\u00f6lgede yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n amac\u0131, kritik iklim krizi ve kapitalist \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda k\u0131rsal ve kentsel kalk\u0131nman\u0131n yeni potansiyel stratejilerini tan\u0131mlamakt\u0131r. St\u00fcdyo, son y\u0131llarda bu konularda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir\u00e7ok akademisyenin katk\u0131lar\u0131yla zenginle\u015fmi\u015ftir.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_video link=”https:\/\/youtu.be\/uexizUXM8r0″][vc_empty_space height=”64px”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_video link=”https:\/\/youtu.be\/P9s4-27XLtA”][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

B\u0130YOPS\u0130 NOKTALARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=”11488″ img_size=”full”][vc_empty_space height=”16px”][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_empty_space height=”8px”][vc_column_text]Biyopsi 1. Sapanca ve \u0130zmit<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=”8px”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda Sapanca G\u00f6l\u00fc ve \u00e7evresine odaklan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sapanca G\u00f6l\u00fc, Sakarya ve Kocaeli illerinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer alan, \u00e7evre yerle\u015fimleri i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir i\u00e7me ve kullanma suyu kayna\u011f\u0131 olan tektonik k\u00f6kenli tatl\u0131 su g\u00f6l\u00fcd\u00fcr. G\u00f6l\u00fcn kuzey k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndan E-5 Karayolu, g\u00fcney k\u0131ys\u0131ndan ise TEM Otoyolu ve demiryolu ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgedeki g\u00f6zlemler sonucunda, g\u00f6l\u00fcn \u00e7evresinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da kirletici etken bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kuzeyinden ge\u00e7en D-100, g\u00fcneyini \u00e7evreleyen TEM ile demiryolunun kirlili\u011fi ya\u011f\u0131\u015f sular\u0131yla g\u00f6le a\u011f\u0131r metaller, gres- ya\u011f ta\u015f\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7evredeki tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131ndan gelen tar\u0131m kimyasallar\u0131, direkt k\u0131y\u0131 ile ili\u015fki kuran turizm tesisleri ve i\u015fletmeler di\u011fer muhtemel kirletici unsurlard\u0131r. G\u00f6lden su kullanan kurumlar\u0131n ve ald\u0131klar\u0131 suyun miktar\u0131n\u0131n belirsiz olmas\u0131 planlama yapmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. 2 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda saha gezisine gitmeden \u00f6nce; ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131, ekolojik, tarihi, co\u011frafi, jeolojik veriler gibi ba\u015fl\u0131klarda bilgiler toplanm\u0131\u015f, Corine temelli haritalar yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00fcst \u00f6l\u00e7ekten bak\u0131larak alan hakk\u0131nda bir \u00f6n bilgi edinilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Akdeniz iklimi ile Karadeniz iklimi aras\u0131nda bir ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip olan \u0130zmit\u2019te, k\u00f6rfezin kuzey k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda kire\u00e7siz kahverengi topraklar hakimdir. Kire\u00e7siz kahverengi topraklar orta derecede organik madde i\u00e7erirler ve bundan dolay\u0131 bitkilerin yeti\u015fmesine elveri\u015fli bir zemin olu\u015ftururlar.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_empty_space height=”8px”][vc_column_text]K\u00f6rfezinin g\u00fcney kesiminde ise kahverengi orman ve podzolik topraklar hakimdir. Organik maddece zengin olan bu topraklar, mekanik yap\u0131lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bal\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6zellik g\u00f6steren topraklard\u0131r. Bu yap\u0131lar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla toprak suyunun korunmas\u0131na ve bitkilerin yeti\u015ftirilmesine \u00e7ok elveri\u015flidir. Yar\u0131mca- \u0130zmit-G\u00f6le\u00fck aras\u0131ndaki dar k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feri-dinde ise al\u00fcvyal topraklar yay\u0131l\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterir. \u0130zmit K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nin g\u00fcney b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden ge\u00e7en Kuzey Anadolu Fay hatt\u0131 ve par\u00e7al\u0131 kollar\u0131 ile deprem riski y\u00fcksek bir alanda bulunur. Tarihi a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ok zengin bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip olan \u0130zmit eski \u00e7a\u011flarda Bitinya denilen b\u00f6lge i\u00e7inde kal\u0131yordu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Ba\u015fiskele\u2019nin bulundu\u011fu\u00a0yerde Astakos Antik Kenti bulunurken, \u0130zmit\u2019in bulundu\u011fu yerde ise Nikomedia Antik Kenti kurulmu\u015f ve Bitinya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti olmu\u015ftur. Bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir konuma sahip olan Nikomedia, Konstantinopolis\u2019in Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun ba\u015fkenti olmas\u0131yla Nikomedia\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nemi azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re n\u00fcfusu 371.002 olan \u0130zmit\u2019in ekonomosi sanayi, ticaret ve tar\u0131ma dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Saha gezisinde yap\u0131lan g\u00f6zlemler sonucunda k\u00f6rfezdeki sanayi alanlar\u0131 Marmara Denizi ile direkt ili\u015fki kurmakta ve bunun sonucunda denizin ekosistemi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi problemler olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130zmit ve Sapanca G\u00f6l\u00fc aras\u0131nda kalan havza al\u00fcvyonlarla beslenen bir alan oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tar\u0131m i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a elveri\u015fli topraklara ev sahipli\u011fi yaparken, sanayi alanlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lgeyi i\u015fgal etmesiyle b\u00f6lge dezavantajl\u0131 hale gelmi\u015ftir.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”11478,11511″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”11481″ img_size=”full”][vc_empty_space height=”96px”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”11477,11486″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”11480″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”11483,11484″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space height=”96px”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator color=”chino”][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=”11492″ img_size=”full”][vc_empty_space height=”16px”][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_empty_space height=”8px”][vc_column_text]Biyopsi 2. Yalova<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=”8px”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Samanl\u0131 Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kuzey eteklerine kurulmu\u015f olan Yalova\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinde ve bat\u0131s\u0131nda Marmara Denizi, do\u011fusunda Kocaeli, g\u00fcneyinde Bursa ve Gemlik k\u00f6rfezi yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yalova genellikle engebeli bir araziye sahip olup do\u011fusunda k\u0131y\u0131 ve delta ovalar\u0131 ile \u00e7evrilidir. Bu toprak yap\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, s\u00fcs bitkisi ve \u00e7i\u00e7ek yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi \u015fehirde tar\u0131m ekonomisini canl\u0131 tutmaktad\u0131r. \u0130klimi Akdeniz ve Karadeniz iklimleri aras\u0131nda bir ge\u00e7i\u015f niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan Yalova\u2019n\u0131n bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc makiler ve ormanlardan olu\u015fur. Bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc olarak, Yalova\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki dik yama\u00e7lar t\u00fcm\u00fcyle g\u00fcr bir orman \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ile kapl\u0131d\u0131r. Ormanlar il y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k %58\u2019ini olu\u015fturur. Ormanl\u0131k alanlarda kay\u0131n, me\u015fe, g\u00fcrgen, k\u0131z\u0131lc\u0131k, kestane ve \u0131hlamur s\u0131kl\u0131kla bulunur. 1.derece deprem b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan kentte dere yataklar\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131f zeminlere sahip oldu\u011fu ve yama\u00e7larda heyelanl\u0131 b\u00f6lgeler oldu\u011fu saptanm\u0131\u015f. 2021 verilerine g\u00f6re 291.001 n\u00fcfusa sahip olan Yalova T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli sanayi, ula\u015f\u0131m ve turizm a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir lokasyonda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_empty_space height=”8px”][vc_column_text]Kentin k\u0131y\u0131 alanlar\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m, sanayi, turizm, savunma ve tar\u0131msal ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (G\u00fcrb\u00fcz vd., 2004). Bu nedenle n\u00fcfus, g\u00f6\u00e7 ve yerle\u015fme \u00f6zellikleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a hareketlidir. Yalova, kuzey bat\u0131s\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisinin lokomotifi olan \u0130stanbul, do\u011fusunda geli\u015fmi\u015f bir sanayi kenti Kocaeli ve g\u00fcney bat\u0131s\u0131nda yine bir b\u00fcy\u00fck sanayi kenti Bursa ile \u00e7evrilidir.<\/p>\n

Kent, jeopolitik ve stratejik konumu olan sanayi, tar\u0131m ve ticaret a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 bu geli\u015fmi\u015flik \u00fc\u00e7genin tam ortas\u0131nda konumlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yalova ekonomisinde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan sekt\u00f6rler; sanayi, tar\u0131m ve sa\u011fl\u0131k turizmi olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6lgede serac\u0131l\u0131k ve s\u00fcs bitkileri \u00fcretimi, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretime getirisi y\u00fcksek paya sahiptir. Yalova\u2019n\u0131n termal il\u00e7esinde bulunan kapl\u0131calar, \u00e7ok say\u0131da turist a\u011f\u0131rlayan \u00f6nemli bir turizm merkezidir.<\/p>\n

Saha gezisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan g\u00f6zlemler sonucunda, kentin kuzeyinden g\u00fcneybat\u0131s\u0131na kadar olan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 Marmara Denizi ile \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir ve k\u0131y\u0131ya eri\u015filebilirlik konusunda problem ya\u015fanmamaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6lgedeki Osmangazi K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, otoyol projeleri, organize sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri ilde yo\u011fun geli\u015fme e\u011filimlerine sebep olmu\u015ftur.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”11493,11510″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”11481″ img_size=”full”][vc_empty_space height=”96px”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”11496″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”11495″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”11498,11499,11500″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space height=”96px”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator color=”chino”][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=”11501″ img_size=”full”][vc_empty_space height=”16px”][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_empty_space height=”8px”][vc_column_text]Biyopsi 3. Band\u0131rma<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=”8px”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Band\u0131rma, Marmara Denizi k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan Bal\u0131kesir iline ba\u011fl\u0131 bir sahil il\u00e7esidir. Kuzeyinde Kap\u0131da\u011f Yar\u0131madas\u0131, g\u00fcneyinde Manyas il\u00e7esi ve Manyas Ku\u015f Cenneti, do\u011fusunda Karacabey, bat\u0131s\u0131nda ise G\u00f6nen il\u00e7esi bulunmaktad\u0131r. TCDD\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 olan Band\u0131rma Liman\u0131 yo\u011fun bir ticari demiryolu ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131na sahiptir. Anadolu\u2019dan gelen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na ihra\u00e7 edilmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130stanbul ve Band\u0131rma aras\u0131nda her g\u00fcn d\u00fczenli olarak feribot seferleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n

Band\u0131rma, hem Akdeniz hem de Karadeniz iklimlerinin etki alan\u0131 i\u00e7indedir. G\u00fcneyinde bulunan tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131nda m\u0131s\u0131r, yulaf, \u015feker pancar\u0131 ve bakla en \u00e7ok yeti\u015ftirilen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdendir. B\u00f6lgede \u00f6nemli bir ekosistem potansiyeli ta\u015f\u0131yan Manyas Ku\u015f Cenneti her y\u0131l 3 milyona yak\u0131n ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn u\u011frak yeridir. Fakat Manyas G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn etraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evirmi\u015f olan tavukhanelerden \u00e7\u0131kan at\u0131klar\u0131n ve g\u00f6l \u00e7evresindeki tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n sahada b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda kirlenmeye neden oldu\u011fu saptanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_empty_space height=”8px”][vc_column_text]M.\u00d6. 8,9.yy\u2019da Kyzikos Kenti\u2019nin liman\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan Band\u0131rma\u2019da ilk yerle\u015fim yerleri Livatya ve A\u011f\u0131ldere aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgeye konumlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kentin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc merkezi liman olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Liman b\u00f6lgesine camii, d\u00fckkan, hamam vb. yap\u0131lar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla yerle\u015fim alan\u0131 buraya do\u011fru sa\u00e7aklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zamanla denizin doldurulmas\u0131yla bug\u00fcnk\u00fc halini alan liman; b\u00f6lge 1.derecede deprem b\u00f6lgesi olmas\u0131 sebebiyle y\u00fcksek riskli bir alanda konumlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

2021 verilerine g\u00f6re 161.894 n\u00fcfusu olan Band\u0131rma\u2019da ekonomi hacminin %50\u2019si sanayi, %20\u2019si tar\u0131m, %30\u2019u hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarla birlikte Band\u0131rma\u2019da kimya sanayii geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, Etibank ve Bagfa\u015f fabrikalar kurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli madenlerinden biri olan bor minerali de b\u00f6lgede bulunan ve Eti Maden taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenmektedir. Kimya fabrika lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla beraber Marmara Denizi\u2019ndeki kirlilik artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeni liman\u0131n hizmete girmesiyle de sanayi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Saha gezisinde yap\u0131lan g\u00f6zlemler sonucunda, Band\u0131rma Meydan\u0131 denizin k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, liman\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alan kaplamas\u0131 sebebiyle suyla \u00e7ok az ili\u015fki kurulabiliyor. K\u0131y\u0131ya yerle\u015fen fabrikalar, at\u0131k tesisleri Marmara Denizi i\u00e7in ciddi bir kirlilik unsuru olu\u015fturuyor.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”11502,11503″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”11481″ img_size=”full”][vc_empty_space height=”96px”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”11504″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”11505″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”11506,11507,11508″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space height=”96px”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_video link=”https:\/\/youtu.be\/-CtDrouh_ww”][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_video link=”https:\/\/youtu.be\/dIdn5aW_jxc”][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=”96px”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

ESK\u0130Z MAKET<\/strong><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=”11489″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center” onclick=”img_link_large” img_link_target=”_blank”][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=”96px”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

EPOKS\u0130 \u00c7ALI\u015eMALARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda alandan malzemeler toplad\u0131k. Epoksileri inceledi\u011fimiz zaman hangi y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f rotas\u0131nda suya ula\u015f\u0131p ula\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, sanayi at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n devam edip etmedi\u011fi, b\u00f6lgenin bitki \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi, at\u0131l durumu gibi bir \u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r\u00fc g\u00f6rebiliyoruz. \u00d6rne\u011fin suya ula\u015fabildi\u011fimiz alanlarda deniz kabuklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrken, sanayinin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu yerlerde sanayi at\u0131klar\u0131na, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin sigara izmaritlerine, tershanenin oldu\u011fu yerlerde at\u0131k demir \u00e7elik vb. malzemelere, tar\u0131m\u0131n yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu yerlerde daha \u00e7ok bitki \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fine, yeni yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n devam etti\u011fi noktalarda in\u015faat malzemelerine rastlad\u0131k.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=”11491″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center” onclick=”img_link_large” img_link_target=”_blank”][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_separator color=”black”][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

SEM\u0130NERLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_video link=”https:\/\/youtu.be\/LFmrFYenI_0″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Ahmet K\u0131van\u00e7 Kutluca<\/p>\n

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