{"id":4321,"date":"2018-12-07T10:00:38","date_gmt":"2018-12-07T07:00:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/?p=4321"},"modified":"2020-08-21T22:06:46","modified_gmt":"2020-08-21T19:06:46","slug":"kuresel-isinma-ve-yapi-sektoru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/2018\/12\/07\/kuresel-isinma-ve-yapi-sektoru\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcresel Is\u0131nma ve Yap\u0131 Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bug\u00fcnlerde pek \u00e7ok konut reklam\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda do\u011fa ve ye\u015fil ile ilgili vurgu dikkatimizi \u00e7ekiyor. Do\u011fa ile i\u00e7 i\u00e7e, do\u011fadaki eviniz, \u015fehrin ke\u015fmeke\u015finden uzak gibi sloganlar ile kent merkezlerinde artan yap\u0131 sto\u011fu dolay\u0131s\u0131yla do\u011fa ile aram\u0131za giren mesafe ve do\u011fal olana duydu\u011fumuz \u00f6zlem; yeni pazarlama stratejilerinin par\u00e7as\u0131 olmu\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Benzer bi\u00e7imde pek \u00e7ok projenin g\u00f6rselleri (kesit \u00e7izimleri, haz\u0131rlanan render g\u00f6rselleri) mimarinin b\u00fcnyesine dahil edebildi\u011fi ye\u015fil alan\u0131 vurgulamaya \u00f6ncelik veriyor. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u00a0\u00f6zlemini duydu\u011fumuz g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve do\u011fal hayat\u0131 projelerin i\u00e7ine katmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ve \u00a0proje sunumlar\u0131nda, bunlara fazlas\u0131yla \u00f6ncelik veriyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat t\u00fcm bu albenili g\u00f6rseller ve do\u011fadaki evimiz iddias\u0131 ile pazarlanan yap\u0131 bloklar\u0131, yap\u0131 end\u00fcstrisinin do\u011faya verdi\u011fi zarar\u0131 maalesef azaltm\u0131yor. Binalar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131, yenilenmesi, yap\u0131m\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ok fazla enerji t\u00fcketimi, at\u0131k malzeme ve gaz \u00fcretimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi bir ger\u00e7ek. Son y\u0131llarda artan dramatik hava de\u011fi\u015fimleri, uzun kurakl\u0131klar, sel felaketleri, tropikal f\u0131rt\u0131nalar ve su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131, d\u00fcnyam\u0131zdaki durumun iyiye gitmedi\u011fini bizlere i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu noktada hepimizin ki\u015fisel ve sekt\u00f6rel sorumluluklar\u0131 eskisinden daha \u00e7ok \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00fcz y\u00fcze geldi\u011fimiz k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma ve ekolojik problemlerin sorumlular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fc ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>K\u00fc<\/strong><strong>resel Is<\/strong><strong>\u0131nma Nedenleri ve Bizleri Bekleyen Tehlikeler<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma, D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczey \u0131s\u0131s\u0131ndaki ortalama art\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir terim. D\u00fcnya tarihi boyunca, iklim defalarca de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe u\u011frad\u0131. Son 650.000 y\u0131lda 7 buzul ilerleme ve geri \u00e7ekilme meydana geldi ve 7000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce modern iklim \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Son 50 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde ise, iklim, insan fakt\u00f6r\u00fc ile do\u011fal seyrinden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p ekosistem i\u00e7in tehdide d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda. H\u0131zla end\u00fcstrile\u015fen kentlerde artan enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n fosil yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile sa\u011flanmas\u0131 sonucu atmosfere yay\u0131lan CO<sub>2<\/sub> ve di\u011fer sera gazlar\u0131 D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7evresini bir battaniye gibi sar\u0131yor ve G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten gelen \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n atmosferde tutulmas\u0131na neden oluyor. Bunun sonucunda D\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyi ve hava giderek \u0131s\u0131n\u0131yor, iklimler de\u011fi\u015fiyor, buzullar eriyor ve ekosistem h\u0131zla bozuluyor.<\/p>\n<p>1880 ile 2012 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki d\u00f6nemde, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u015fekilde \u00fcretilen veri k\u00fcmelerine g\u00f6re ortalama k\u00fcresel y\u00fczey s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (kara ve su), 0,65 \u00b0C&#8217;den 1.06 \u00b0C&#8217;ye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/assets.nationalgeographic.com\/modules-video\/latest\/assets\/ngsEmbeddedVideo.html?guid=0000015d-3cca-d466-a57f-bcca5d220000\" width=\"770\" height=\"433\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" seamless=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Modern sivil hayat\u0131n h\u0131zla artan end\u00fcstriyel aktiviteleri son 150 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde atmosferdeki CO<sub>2<\/sub> oran\u0131n\u0131 milyonda 280\u2019den 400\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. End\u00fcstri Devrimi\u2019nden itibaren (Yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm 1750-2016 y\u0131llar\u0131 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7indir)\u00a0 2.075 gigaton (milyon metre ton) CO<sub>2<\/sub> gaz\u0131 atmosfere sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor. Bitkiler ve yosunlar fotosentez yolu ile CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u2019yi t\u00fcketiyor olsa da bu art\u0131\u015f bitkilerin sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi dengeyi a\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. H\u0131zla artan n\u00fcfus ve kent merkezilerinin geni\u015fleyen y\u00fczey alanlar\u0131 ile azalan bitki oran\u0131 da bu sorunun do\u011fal yollarla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemez hale gelmesinde \u00f6nemli bir etken.<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenlerden dolay\u0131 atmosferde biriken sera gazlar\u0131 son 50 y\u0131lda hava ve toprak s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00f6nce ula\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 seviyelere ula\u015fmas\u0131na neden oldu. Bin y\u0131llard\u0131r iklimde ve atmosfer s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u0131s\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fim do\u011fal yollarla ve yava\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen farkl\u0131l\u0131klard\u0131. Son y\u0131llarda insan etkisi ile s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda meydana gelen ani de\u011fi\u015fikliklere ekosistemdeki canl\u0131lar\u0131n adapte olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in durum hepimiz i\u00e7in tehlikeli seviyelere ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Buzulllar Eriyor<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>D\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinin \u00f6nemli buzul k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 olan Gr\u00f6nland ve Antartika\u2019 da buzullar erimeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Deniz seviyeleri ve \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 da buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Eskisinden daha kuvvetli f\u0131rt\u0131nalar, uzun kurakl\u0131klar\u0131 takip eden sel bask\u0131nlar\u0131, su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fckenmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve t\u00fcm bunlara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bitki ve hayvanlar\u0131n t\u00fcrlerinin t\u00fckenmesi ya da do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi gibi hepimizi etkileyen zincirleme felaketlerle y\u00fcz y\u00fczeyiz art\u0131k.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4322\" style=\"width: 780px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hurriyetdailynews.com\/worst-case-global-warming-scenarios-not-credible-study-125938\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4322\" class=\"wp-image-4322 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/5a607a3f7af5072abcfc195c-e1544099478794.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"770\" height=\"433\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/5a607a3f7af5072abcfc195c-e1544099478794.jpg 770w, https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/5a607a3f7af5072abcfc195c-e1544099478794-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4322\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kaynak: Worst-case global warming scenarios not credible: Study, 18.01. 2018,<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hurriyetdailynews.com\/worst-case-global-warming-scenarios-not-credible-study-125938\"> Hurriyet Daily News.<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_4324\" style=\"width: 778px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\" https:\/\/climate.nasa.gov\/resources\/global-warming\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4324\" class=\"wp-image-4324 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/1321_cc-vs-gw-vs-wx-768px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"401\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4324\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kaynak: &#8220;What\u2019s in a name? Weather, global warming and climate change&#8221; Global Climate Change, NASA. Shutterstock: wandee007 (sol), Amy Johansson (orta), Avatar_023 (sa\u011f).<\/p><\/div>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><strong>Yap\u0131 <\/strong><strong>End<\/strong><strong>\u00fcstrisinin K\u00fc<\/strong><strong>resel Is<\/strong><strong>\u0131nmadaki Pay\u0131 <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Hayat\u0131m\u0131za b\u00fcy\u00fck bir konfor sa\u011flayan ileri teknoloji ve end\u00fcstri her yere, her bilgiye, her \u00fcr\u00fcne h\u0131zl\u0131ca ula\u015fman\u0131n y\u00f6ntemlerini bize sa\u011flarken, bedelleri yava\u015f yava\u015f g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve hepimiz i\u00e7in tehdit unsuru olmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Bu durumda her birimizin ki\u015fisel fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131p ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki \u00f6nceliklerini g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesi gerekiyor. Mimar ve tasar\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n bu konuyla ilgili daha da duyarl\u0131 ve bilin\u00e7li hareket etmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131 \u015fart g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re yap\u0131 end\u00fcstrisi d\u00fcnyaya sal\u0131nan sera gaz\u0131 sorumlular\u0131 aras\u0131nda<strong> ilk \u00fc\u00e7e giriyor.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Binan\u0131n kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonraki enerji t\u00fcketimleri de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; Amerika\u2019daki karbon sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse y\u00fczde ellisinden bina end\u00fcstrisinin sorumlu oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu durum g\u00fcvenlik, estetik, konfor gibi \u00e7ok fazla ve farkl\u0131 mekansal niteli\u011fi bir arada \u00e7\u00f6zmesi gereken mimarlara \u00f6nemli ve \u00e7ok daha\u00a0 hayati bir sorumluluk ekliyor olmakla birlikte, bizlere \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olma imkan\u0131 sunuyor.<\/p>\n<div style=\"position: relative; height: 0; padding-bottom: 56.22%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; left: 0;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ESYikjLvc54?ecver=2\" width=\"770\" height=\"433\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Mimarlar ve Tasar\u0131mc\u0131lar Ne Yapabilir<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_4327\" style=\"width: 780px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.architectmagazine.com\/design\/editorial\/the-climate-is-changing-so-must-architecture_o\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4327\" class=\"wp-image-4327 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/hurricane-harvey-death-investigation-e1544099618695.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"770\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/hurricane-harvey-death-investigation-e1544099618695.jpg 770w, https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/hurricane-harvey-death-investigation-e1544099618695-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4327\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a0Kaynak: Houston, Texas &#8211; August 29, 2017: Residential neighborhoods near the Interstate 10 sit in floodwater in the wake of Hurricane Harvey on August 29, 2017 in Houston, Texas. (Marcus Yam \/ Los Angeles Times)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Mimarlar\u0131n, tasar\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde, projenin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi ve minimum enerji harcamas\u0131 \u00f6zeliklerine \u00f6ncelik vererek, bu i\u00e7 karart\u0131c\u0131 tabloya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. \u00d6nemli olan binaya eklenen bir r\u00fczgar g\u00fcl\u00fc ya da ye\u015fil \u00e7at\u0131 gibi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck eklentilerle yetinmeyip, b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm projeye uygulanabilmesi.<\/p>\n<p>Bulundu\u011fu iklimle uyumlu \u0131s\u0131tma, so\u011futma havaland\u0131rma i\u00e7in minimum mekanik etkinin gerekece\u011fi, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu seviyede yerel malzemenin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 binalar ile do\u011faya verilen zarar\u0131 en aza indirgemek elimizde.<\/p>\n<p>Tarih boyunca insanlar bulundu\u011fu iklim ve co\u011frafyan\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re binalar\u0131na \u015fekil verdi. \u00d6zellikle mekanik iklimlendirme ve elektrik enerjisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda do\u011fal havaland\u0131rma, g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan maksimum fayda sa\u011flama, do\u011fal malzeme kullan\u0131m\u0131 gibi \u00f6nceliklerle mekanlar bi\u00e7imleniyor ve do\u011fal ortam\u0131na minimum zarar\u0131 veriyordu. Buna ek olarak kimi toplumlarda do\u011fal enerjinin kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u00fczerine geli\u015ftirilen y\u00f6ntemlerin de oldu\u011fu biliniyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130ran\u2019da do\u011fal iklimlendirme i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan r\u00fczgar bacalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fchendislikleri y\u00fczy\u0131llarca kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Bu sistemler i\u00e7 mekan \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenler ve s\u0131cak g\u00fcnlerde mekanlar\u0131n serinlemesini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi erza\u011f\u0131n serin tutulmas\u0131 ve dayanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7a\u011flar boyunca insanl\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda kullanmak \u00fczerineydi. Ancak End\u00fcstri Devrimi\u2019nden sonra \u00fcretim teknolojileri ve ya\u015fama bi\u00e7imi k\u00f6kten bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe u\u011frad\u0131. Art\u0131k ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fumuz ve hatta duymad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir\u00e7ok \u015fey \u00e7ok daha kolay \u00fcretilebiliyor, bizlere d\u00fcnyan\u0131n herhangi bir yerinden ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labiliyordu. \u0130\u015f potansiyellerinin kentlerde y\u00fckselmesi ile birlikte, n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu k\u0131rsaldan \u015fehre do\u011fru kaymaya ba\u015flad\u0131. End\u00fcstriyel ve yap\u0131sal \u00fcretimde h\u0131z \u00f6ncelik kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eehirlerdeki konut ve i\u015f yeri ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131. Bu nedenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00fcretim geleneklerinde bir \u00f6l\u00e7ek sorunu olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Co\u011frafya ve iklimi ile uyumlu binalar\u0131n yerine yeni \u00fcretim teknolojilerinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 standart y\u00fcksek binalar her kent merkezinde y\u00fckselmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Gerekli ya\u015famsal konforlar\u0131n sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan enerjiyle birlikte, D\u00fcnya\u2019ya sal\u0131nan sera gazlar\u0131, bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u00fccadele edemedi\u011fi bir seviyeye ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bug\u00fcn ekolojik problemlerin geldi\u011fi nokta t\u00fcm mimarlar\u0131n tasar\u0131mlar\u0131nda, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik ilkesine \u00f6ncelik vermesini gerektiriyor. <\/strong>D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok firma do\u011fa dostu binalar\u0131n \u00fcretimine \u00f6ncelik vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz yirmi y\u0131lda bununla ilgili ba\u015flayan \u00e7abalar yeterli olmamakla birlikte umut vaat ediyor. \u015eimdi ge\u00e7mi\u015f al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klara daha iyi bak\u0131p binalar\u0131n minimum enerji sarf edecek \u015fekilde tasarlanmas\u0131 ve \u00fcretilmesi gerekiyor.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde binalar\u0131n enerji \u00fcretmesi ve depolamas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn hale geldi. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n (g\u00fcne\u015f ve jeotermal enerji vb.) kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ile Avrupa Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan hedeflenen \u201cs\u0131f\u0131r enerji bina standard\u0131\u201d hedefinin d\u00fcnya \u00fclkelerine daha h\u0131zla adapte edilmesi gerekiyor.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>LEED Sertifikas\u0131 ve \u00a0Ye\u015fil Binalar<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fumuz ekolojik problemlerin tek sorumlusu elbette yap\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fc de\u011fil. Ancak pay\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile umudun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oluyor. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan, do\u011fal iklimlendirmeye; binalar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m yerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclerek yeniden kullan\u0131ma sokulmas\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok hamle, do\u011faya verilen zarar\u0131 azaltabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Geli\u015fen teknoloji sayesinde binalar\u0131n enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131, kullan\u0131lan farkl\u0131 malzemeler ve sistemlerin sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 fayda ve yol a\u00e7abileceklerini \u00f6n g\u00f6rmek art\u0131k \u00e7ok kolay. Bu y\u00fczden do\u011fru dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 da \u00f6nemli bir yol g\u00f6sterici. S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir binalar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00e7e\u015fitli de\u011ferlendirme ve sertifika sistemleri bulunuyor. Bunlar; binalar\u0131n in\u015faat, kullan\u0131m, y\u0131k\u0131m, yenileme gibi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde kullan\u0131lan enerji ve hammaddenin, \u00fcretilen at\u0131k ve atmosferik emisyonlar\u0131n minimize edilmesi i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulmu\u015f de\u011ferlendirme sistemleri.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4328\" style=\"width: 780px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/new.usgbc.org\/leed\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4328\" class=\"wp-image-4328 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/yesil_odak_LEED_Sertifikasi_Nedir_Yesil_Bina_3-e1544099628980.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"770\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/yesil_odak_LEED_Sertifikasi_Nedir_Yesil_Bina_3-e1544099628980.jpg 770w, https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/yesil_odak_LEED_Sertifikasi_Nedir_Yesil_Bina_3-e1544099628980-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4328\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kaynak: <a href=\"https:\/\/new.usgbc.org\/leed\">LEED &#8211; USGBC<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Bu i\u015fin standart de\u011ferleri ve sertifikasyonu i\u00e7in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kullan\u0131lan en yayg\u0131n de\u011ferlendirme sistemi LEED ( <strong>Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design \/Enerji ve <\/strong><strong>\u00c7evre Dostu Tasar\u0131mda Liderlik ). <\/strong>S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir tasar\u0131m\u0131n g\u00fcndeme gelmesi ile ye\u015fil bina standartlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ilk kez 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda <strong>BREEAM <\/strong><strong>(Building Research Establishment&#8217;s Environmental Assessment Method) <\/strong>ile \u0130ngiltere\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda USGBC (United States Green Building \u2013 Amerikan Ye\u015fil Binalar Konseyi)\u00a0 ye\u015fil binalar\u0131<strong> de\u011ferlendirme ve derecelendirme sertifika sistemi LEED \u2018i olu\u015fturarak <\/strong>binalar\u0131n \u00e7evresel performans\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmeyi ama\u00e7layan kriterleri haz\u0131rland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde LEED, 150<\/strong><strong>\u2019<\/strong><strong>den fazla \u00fclkede kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>LEED sertifika sistemi , Arazi Se\u00e7imi, Su Verimlili\u011fi, Enerji ve Atmosfer, Malzeme ve Kaynaklar, \u0130\u00e7 Mekan \u00c7evresel Kalite, B\u00f6lgesel \u00d6ncelik ve Tasar\u0131mda Yenilik olmak \u00fczere 7 kategoriden olu\u015fuyor. Binalar\u0131n minimum enerji, su kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltma, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm toplama ve t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131 kontrol\u00fc, toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma ara\u00e7lar\u0131na eri\u015fim, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f malzeme kullan\u0131m\u0131, yenilenebilir enerji gibi kriterlerini derecelendiriyor.<\/p>\n<p>LEED standartlar\u0131, \u00a0kuruldu\u011fu g\u00fcnden bu yana farkl\u0131 derecelendirme ve de\u011ferlendirme sistemlerini yap\u0131s\u0131na dahil ederek, g\u00fcncelleniyor. USGBC\u2018nin LEED onayl\u0131 binalar \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re t\u00fcketilen enerji ve suyun, \u00fcretilen karbon ve at\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalt\u0131labilece\u011fini ve bu binalar\u0131n\u00a0 %30 ile %97 oran\u0131nda tasarruf sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fl\u0131k G\u00f6rseli: Roland Nagy, Kaynak: Ned Kramer (4.10.2017), &#8220;The Climate Is Changing. So Must Architecture.&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.architectmagazine.com\/design\/editorial\/the-climate-is-changing-so-must-architecture_o\">Architect Magazine<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bug\u00fcnlerde pek \u00e7ok konut reklam\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda do\u011fa ve ye\u015fil ile ilgili vurgu dikkatimizi \u00e7ekiyor. Do\u011fa ile i\u00e7 i\u00e7e, do\u011fadaki eviniz, \u015fehrin ke\u015fmeke\u015finden uzak gibi sloganlar ile kent merkezlerinde artan yap\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4326,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"K\u00fcresel Is\u0131nma ve Yap\u0131 Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc | %%sitetitle%%","_seopress_titles_desc":"Bug\u00fcn ekolojik problemlerin geldi\u011fi nokta t\u00fcm mimarlar\u0131n tasar\u0131mlar\u0131nda, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik ilkesine \u00f6ncelik vermesini gerektiriyor.  \u015eimdi ge\u00e7mi\u015f al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klara daha iyi bak\u0131p binalar\u0131n minimum enerji sarf edecek \u015fekilde tasarlanmas\u0131 ve \u00fcretilmesi gerekiyor.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[201,196,197,198,195,200,199],"class_list":["post-4321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-breeam","tag-cevre","tag-ekoloji","tag-ekosistem","tag-kuresel-isinma","tag-leed","tag-yapi-endustrisi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4321","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4321"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4321\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4338,"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4321\/revisions\/4338"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4326"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4321"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4321"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aura-istanbul.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4321"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}